- Recovery Binary: (http://wenbind.blogcn.com/)
Recovery Binary 是 Android 进入 Recovery 模式所运行的程序,实现了 Recovery 模式下的功能。它由目录 bootable/recovery 下的源代码编译生成。头文件 bootable/recovery/recovery_ui.h 定义了 Recovery UI 的接口,bootable/recovery/default_recovery_ui.c 是其默认实现,每个设备可以有自己不同的实现,然后通过变量 TARGET_RECOVERY_UI_LIB 来指定,否则使用默认实现。
ifeq ($(TARGET_RECOVERY_UI_LIB),)
LOCAL_SRC_FILES +=
default_recovery_ui.c
else
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES +=
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_UI_LIB)
endif
- Recovery Image:
Recovery Image 的生成规则在文件 build/core/Makefile 中定义,具体分析如下:
# -----------------------------------------------------------------
# Recovery image
# If neither TARGET_NO_KERNEL nor TARGET_NO_RECOVERY are true
ifeq (,$(filter true, $(TARGET_NO_KERNEL) $(TARGET_NO_RECOVERY) $(BUILD_TINY_ANDROID)))
INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET
:= $(PRODUCT_OUT)/recovery.img
recovery_initrc :=
$(call include-path-for, recovery)/etc/init.rc
recovery_kernel :=
$(INSTALLED_KERNEL_TARGET)
# same as a non-recovery system
recovery_ramdisk :=
$(PRODUCT_OUT)/ramdisk-recovery.img
recovery_build_prop :=
$(INSTALLED_BUILD_PROP_TARGET)
recovery_binary :=
$(call intermediates-dir-for,EXECUTABLES,recovery)/recovery
recovery_resources_common :=
$(call include-path-for, recovery)/res
recovery_resources_private :=
$(strip
$(wildcard
$(TARGET_DEVICE_DIR)/recovery/res))
recovery_resource_deps :=
$(shell find
$(recovery_resources_common)
\
$(recovery_resources_private)
-type f)
recovery_fstab :=
$(strip
$(wildcard
$(TARGET_DEVICE_DIR)/recovery.fstab))
recovery_mmc_fstab :=
$(strip
$(wildcard
$(TARGET_DEVICE_DIR)/recovery_mmc.fstab))
ifeq ($(recovery_resources_private),)
$(info No private recovery resources
for
TARGET_DEVICE $(TARGET_DEVICE))
endif
ifeq ($(recovery_fstab),)
$(info No recovery.fstab
for
TARGET_DEVICE $(TARGET_DEVICE))
endif
INTERNAL_RECOVERYIMAGE_ARGS :=
\
$(addprefix --second ,$(INSTALLED_2NDBOOTLOADER_TARGET))
\
--kernel
$(recovery_kernel)
\
--ramdisk
$(recovery_ramdisk)
# Assumes this has already been stripped
ifdef BOARD_KERNEL_CMDLINE
INTERNAL_RECOVERYIMAGE_ARGS +=
--cmdline "$(BOARD_KERNEL_CMDLINE)"
endif
ifdef BOARD_KERNEL_BASE
INTERNAL_RECOVERYIMAGE_ARGS +=
--base
$(BOARD_KERNEL_BASE)
endif
BOARD_KERNEL_PAGESIZE :=
$(strip
$(BOARD_KERNEL_PAGESIZE))
ifdef BOARD_KERNEL_PAGESIZE
INTERNAL_RECOVERYIMAGE_ARGS +=
--pagesize
$(BOARD_KERNEL_PAGESIZE)
endif
INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET :=
$(PRODUCT_OUT)/boot.img
kernel:
$(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET)
.PHONY: kernel
# Keys authorized to sign OTA packages this build will accept. The
# build always uses test-keys for this; release packaging tools will
# substitute other keys for this one.
OTA_PUBLIC_KEYS :=
$(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/product/security/testkey.x509.pem
# Generate a file containing the keys that will be read by the
# recovery binary.
RECOVERY_INSTALL_OTA_KEYS :=
\
$(call intermediates-dir-for,PACKAGING,ota_keys)/keys
DUMPKEY_JAR :=
$(HOST_OUT_JAVA_LIBRARIES)/dumpkey.jar
$(RECOVERY_INSTALL_OTA_KEYS): PRIVATE_OTA_PUBLIC_KEYS :=
$(OTA_PUBLIC_KEYS)
$(RECOVERY_INSTALL_OTA_KEYS):
$(OTA_PUBLIC_KEYS)
$(DUMPKEY_JAR)
@echo "DumpPublicKey: $@ <= $(PRIVATE_OTA_PUBLIC_KEYS)"
@rm -rf $@
@mkdir -p
$(dir $@)
java -jar
$(DUMPKEY_JAR)
$(PRIVATE_OTA_PUBLIC_KEYS)
> $@
$(INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET):
$(MKBOOTFS)
$(MKBOOTIMG)
$(MINIGZIP)
\
$(INSTALLED_RAMDISK_TARGET)
\
$(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET)
\
$(recovery_binary)
\
$(recovery_initrc)
$(recovery_kernel)
\
$(INSTALLED_2NDBOOTLOADER_TARGET)
\
$(recovery_build_prop)
$(recovery_resource_deps)
\
$(recovery_fstab)
\
$(RECOVERY_INSTALL_OTA_KEYS)
/* 以正常系统的根文件系统为基础构建 Recovery 的根文件系统 */
@echo ----- Making recovery image ------
rm -rf
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_OUT)
mkdir -p
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_OUT)
mkdir -p
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)
mkdir -p
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/etc
mkdir -p
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/tmp
echo Copying baseline ramdisk...
cp -R
$(TARGET_ROOT_OUT)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_OUT)
/* 删除所有的 Init 脚本,使用 Recovery 特定的 Init 脚本 */
rm
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/init*.rc
echo Modifying ramdisk contents...
cp -f
$(recovery_initrc)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/
/* 添加 Recovery Binary */
cp -f
$(recovery_binary)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/sbin/
/* 添加通用的和设备特定的 Recovery 资源 */
cp -rf
$(recovery_resources_common)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/
$(foreach item,$(recovery_resources_private),
\
cp -rf
$(item)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/)
/* 添加设备特定的文件系统表 */
$(foreach item,$(recovery_fstab),
\
cp -f
$(item)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/etc/recovery.fstab)
$(foreach item,$(recovery_mmc_fstab),
\
cp -f
$(item)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/etc/recovery_mmc.fstab)
/* 内嵌验证签名的公钥 */
cp
$(RECOVERY_INSTALL_OTA_KEYS)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/res/keys
/* 生成 Recovery 模式的默认属性文件 */
cat
$(INSTALLED_DEFAULT_PROP_TARGET)
$(recovery_build_prop)
\
>
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT)/default.prop
/* 生成 Recovery 的根文件系统 ramdisk-recovery.img */
$(MKBOOTFS)
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_ROOT_OUT) |
$(MINIGZIP)
>
$(recovery_ramdisk)
/* 把正常系统的内核跟 ramdisk-recovery.img 打包生成 Recovery Image */
$(MKBOOTIMG)
$(INTERNAL_RECOVERYIMAGE_ARGS)
--output $@
@echo ----- Made recovery image --------
$@
/* 验证生成的 Recovery Image 有没有超出 Recovery 分区的大小 */
$(hide)
$(call assert-max-image-size,$@,$(BOARD_RECOVERYIMAGE_PARTITION_SIZE),raw)
else
INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET :=
endif
.PHONY: recoveryimage
recoveryimage:
$(INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET)
- Recovery Init Script:
从上面的分析可以看出 recovery.img 和 boot.img 的区别不大,主要是 init 脚本不一样,recovery 的 init 脚本相对简单,系统起来后只运行 ueventd、recovery、adbd 三个服务。
on early-init
start ueventd
on init
export PATH /sbin
export ANDROID_ROOT /system
export ANDROID_DATA /data
export EXTERNAL_STORAGE /sdcard
symlink /system/etc /etc
mkdir /sdcard
mkdir /system
mkdir /data
mkdir /cache
mount /tmp /tmp tmpfs
on boot
ifup lo
hostname localhost
domainname localdomain
class_start default
service ueventd /sbin/ueventd
critical
service recovery /sbin/recovery
service adbd /sbin/adbd recovery
disabled
on property:persist.service.adb.enable=1
start adbd
on property:persist.service.adb.enable=0
stop adbd
- Android <----> Recovery Binary <----> Bootloader:
有时候 Android 需要不同的模式互相协助来完成一项任务,这样不同模式之间就要有一种机制来交换信息。Recovery Binary 和 Bootloader 之间是通过 misc 分区来传递信息的,如果是 MTD 设备,则使用 misc 分区的第二个页面,如果是块设备,则使用 misc 分区的第一块,交换的信息通过如下结构体封装。Recovery Binary 和 Android 之间是通过 cache 分区下的如下几个固定文件来传递信息的。
struct
bootloader_message {
char
command[32];
char
status[32];
char
recovery[1024];
};
/* Recovery Binary <----> Android */
/cache/recovery/command
/cache/recovery/intent
/cache/recovery/log
/cache/recovery/last_log
- Updater Binary:
Updater Binary 是 OTA package 的安装程序,被打包到 OTA package 中一起发布。Updater Binary 的源代码位于目录 bootable/recovery/updater 中。每个设备都可以为 Updater Binary 添加自己特定的扩展,然后通过变量TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_LIBS 和 TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_EXTRA_LIBS 来指定。
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES
+= $(TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_LIBS) \
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_EXTRA_LIBS)
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES +=
libapplypatch libedify libmtdutils libminzip libz
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES +=
libmincrypt libbz
LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES +=
libcutils libstdc++ libc
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES +=
$(LOCAL_PATH)/..
# Each library in TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_LIBS should have a function
# named "Register_<libname>()". Here we emit a little C function that
# gets #included by updater.c. It calls all those registration
# functions.
# Devices can also add libraries to TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_EXTRA_LIBS.
# These libs are also linked in with updater, but we don't try to call
# any sort of registration function for these. Use this variable for
# any subsidiary static libraries required for your registered
# extension libs.
inc :=
$(call intermediates-dir-for,PACKAGING,updater_extensions)/register.inc
# During the first pass of reading the makefiles, we dump the list of
# extension libs to a temp file, then copy that to the ".list" file if
# it is different than the existing .list (if any). The register.inc
# file then uses the .list as a prerequisite, so it is only rebuilt
# (and updater.o recompiled) when the list of extension libs changes.
junk :=
$(shell mkdir -p
$(dir
$(inc));\
echo
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_LIBS)
> $(inc).temp;\
diff -q
$(inc).temp
$(inc).list ||
cp -f
$(inc).temp
$(inc).list)
$(inc)
: libs :=
$(TARGET_RECOVERY_UPDATER_LIBS)
$(inc)
:
$(inc).list
$(hide)
mkdir -p
$(dir $@)
$(hide)
echo ""
> $@
$(hide)
$(foreach lib,$(libs),echo
"extern void Register_$(lib)(void);"
>> $@)
$(hide)
echo "void RegisterDeviceExtensions() {"
>> $@
$(hide)
$(foreach lib,$(libs),echo
" Register_$(lib)();"
>> $@)
$(hide)
echo "}"
>> $@
$(call intermediates-dir-for,EXECUTABLES,updater)/updater.o :
$(inc)
LOCAL_C_INCLUDES +=
$(dir
$(inc))