在.NET中,基于Primary Type,比如Int32,String等等,他们具有一个简单的默认的序列化方式和结构,可以说他们不需要Data Contract。接下来我们主要讨论的是一些相对比较特殊的、完全基于.NET的Data Type,比如Generic、Collection,和Dictionary。首先,我们结合例子来谈谈基于Generic的Data Type的Data Contract。
假设我们需要创建一个用于处理一些单据(Bill)的Service,比如如Order Bill、Sales Bill等。一般的单据都有一个单据头(Header)和明细(Detail)列表,为此我们创建了一个Generic的Bill。并
{
[DataContract]
public class Bill<THeader, TDetail>
{
[DataMember]
public THeader Header
{ get; set; }
[DataMember]
public IList<TDetail> DetailList
{ get; set; }
}
[DataContract]
public class OrderHeader
{
[DataMember]
public Guid OrderID
{ get; set; }
[DataMember]
public DateTime OrderDate
{ get; set; }
}
[DataContract]
public class OrderDetail
{
[DataMember]
public Guid ProductID
{ get; set; }
[DataMember]
public int Quantity
{ get; set; }
}
}
为处理订单单据创建了机遇订单的Header和Detail。
对于一个Neutral Service Contract和Neutral Data Contract本身是不可能支持Generic的,也就是Neutral Contract只能是对一个具体的CLR Type的体现。所以在定义Service Contract的时候,对于那些包含Generic Type作为参数或者返回值得Operation,我们必须指定一个具体的Data Type。所以我们创建了如下一个IBillManager Service Contract:
{
[ServiceContract]
public interface IBillManager
{
[OperationContract]
void Procss(Bill<OrderHeader, OrderDetail> orderBill);
}
}
如何我们现在
Host基于这样一个Contract的Service,你猜我们作为参数的数据类型将会如何体现的。
通过WSDL,我们会发现该Service的Data Contract将会以下面一段XSD的方式来呈现:
<xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
xmlns:ser="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
<xs:import schemaLocation="http://artech/Artech.SpecialDataContract/BillManagerService.svc?xsd=xsd1"
namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" />
<xs:complexType name="BillOfOrderHeaderOrderDetailLZ9Dq20o">
<xs:annotation>
<xs:appinfo>
<GenericType Name="BillOf{0}{1}{#}" Namespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/">
<GenericParameter Name="OrderHeader" Namespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"/>
<GenericParameter Name="OrderDetail" Namespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract"/>
</GenericType>
</xs:appinfo>
</xs:annotation>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="DetailList" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfOrderDetail"/>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="Header" nillable="true" type="tns:OrderHeader"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:element name="BillOfOrderHeaderOrderDetailLZ9Dq20o" nillable="true" type="tns:BillOfOrderHeaderOrderDetailLZ9Dq20o"/>
<xs:complexType name="ArrayOfOrderDetail">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="OrderDetail" nillable="true" type="tns:OrderDetail"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:element name="ArrayOfOrderDetail" nillable="true" type="tns:ArrayOfOrderDetail"/>
<xs:complexType name="OrderDetail">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="ProductID" type="ser:guid"/>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="Quantity" type="xs:int"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:element name="OrderDetail" nillable="true" type="tns:OrderDetail"/>
<xs:complexType name="OrderHeader">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="OrderDate" type="xs:dateTime"/>
<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="OrderID" type="ser:guid"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:element name="OrderHeader" nillable="true" type="tns:OrderHeader"/>
</xs:schema>
对于不习惯看XSD的朋友,我们可以通过Add Service Reference的方式创建本地的Proxy file,借助生成的与之对应的Class来看看这个XSD最终呈现的结构:
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Runtime.Serialization", "3.0.0.0")]
[System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractAttribute(Name="BillOfOrderHeaderOrderDetailLZ9Dq20o", Namespace="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/Artech.SpecialDataContract.Contract")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
public partial class BillOfOrderHeaderOrderDetailLZ9Dq20o : object, System.Runtime.Serialization.IExtensibleDataObject, System.ComponentModel.INotifyPropertyChanged {
[System.NonSerializedAttribute()]
private System.Runtime.Serialization.ExtensionDataObject extensionDataField;
[System.Runtime.Serialization.OptionalFieldAttribute()]
private Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.BillManagerService.OrderDetail[] DetailListField;
[System.Runtime.Serialization.OptionalFieldAttribute()]
private Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.BillManagerService.OrderHeader HeaderField;
[global::System.ComponentModel.BrowsableAttribute(false)]
public System.Runtime.Serialization.ExtensionDataObject ExtensionData {
get {
return this.extensionDataField;
}
set {
this.extensionDataField = value;
}
}
[System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute()]
public Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.BillManagerService.OrderDetail[] DetailList {
get {
return this.DetailListField;
}
set {
if ((object.ReferenceEquals(this.DetailListField, value) != true)) {
this.DetailListField = value;
this.RaisePropertyChanged("DetailList");
}
}
}
[System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute()]
public Artech.SpecialDataContract.Client.BillManagerService.OrderHeader Header {
get {
return this.HeaderField;
}
set {
if ((object.ReferenceEquals(this.HeaderField, value) != true)) {
this.HeaderField = value;
this.RaisePropertyChanged("Header");
}
}
}
public event System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;