启动级别:init 0,1,2,3,4,5,6
2010-10-29 15:47:50|
linux之路 阅读376
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这是个很久的知识点了，只是自己一直都迷迷糊糊的，今天在翻出来好好理解下。。
0:停机
1：单用户形式，只root进行维护
2：多用户，不能使用net file system
3：完全多用户
5：图形化
4：安全模式
6：重启
其实，可以通过查看/etc/rc.d/中的rc*.d的文件来对比理解。。
init 0，对应的系统会运行，/etc/rc.d/rc0.d里指定的程序。我们来看下名称。
[root@localhost ～]# ls /etc/rc.d/rc0.d
K01dnsmasq K15ksmtuned
K35nmb K60crond K74lm_sensors
K83portreserve K85rpcgssd K88iscsi K90network
S00killall
K10cups
K16ksm K35smb K66gpsd
K75netfs K84NetworkManager K85rpcidmapd
K88rsyslogK92ip6tables
S01halt
K16ksm
K88rsyslog
K10saslauthd K20nfs
K36mysqld K69rpcsvcgssd K75udev-post
K84wpa_supplicantK86nfslock K89iscsid K92iptables
K84wpa_supplicant
K10xfs
K25sshd K50haldaemon K70vboxdrv K76openvpn
K85mdmonitor K87alsasound K89netplugd
K98qemu
K98qemu
K15gpm
K30sendmail K50netconsole K74acpid K83bluetooth
K85messagebus K87rpcbind K89rdisc
K99lvm2-monitor
K99lvm2-monitor
依照上述红色字体，开机会执行的两个进程是killall和halt，这两个都表示为终止进程。故init 0是用于表示关机的。
init 1，对应的系统会运行，/etc/rc.d/rc1.d里指定的程序。
[root@localhost ～] # ls /etc/rc.d/rc1.d
K01dnsmasq K15ksmtuned
K35nmb K60crond K74lm_sensors
K84NetworkManager K85rpcidmapd K88rsyslog K92ip6tables
S99single
K10cups
K16ksm K35smb K66gpsd
K75netfs K84wpa_supplicant K86nfslock
K89iscsid K92iptables
K16ksm
K10saslauthd K20nfs
K36mysqld K69rpcsvcgssd K76openvpn
K85mdmonitor K87alsasound K89netplugd
K98qemu
K98qemu
K10xfs
K25sshd K50haldaemon K70vboxdrv K83bluetooth
K85messagebus K87rpcbind K89rdisc
S02lvm2-monitor
K15gpm
K30sendmail K50netconsole K74acpid K83portreserve
K85rpcgssd K88iscsi K90network
S26udev-post
这个级别启动的服务有三个，udev、lvm相关的和single(单用户模式的服务)。故此级别是单用户模式，只有root能用，不支持其他用户。
init 2，对应的系统会运行，/etc/rc.d/rc2.d里指定的程序。
[root@localhost ~ ]# ls /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/
K01dnsmasq K20nfs
K36mysqld K74lm_sensors
K85rpcgssd K89netplugd S08iptables
S23NetworkManager S30vboxdrv S99local
K85rpcgssd
K10saslauthd K25sshd
K50haldaemon K75netfs K85rpcidmapd
K89rdisc S12rsyslog
S24portreserve S35qemu
K10xfs
K30sendmail K50netconsole K76openvpn
K86nfslock K90network S13rpcbind
S25cups S85gpm
K86nfslock
K15ksmtuned K35nmb
K66gpsd K83bluetooth
K88iscsi S02lvm2-monitor S15mdmonitor
S26acpid S90crond
K88iscsi
K16ksm
K35smb K69rpcsvcgssd K84wpa_supplicant K89iscsid
S08ip6tables S22messagebus
S26udev-post S99alsasound
S26udev-post
这个级别启动的服务多了，NetworkManager/iptables/acpid/alsa都已经开启，但是nfs,smb,openvpn相关服务没有开启，这个级别不支持nfs。
init 3 ， 对应的系统运行/etc/rc.d/rc3.d
[root@localhost ~] # ls /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/
K01dnsmasq K30sendmail
K74lm_sensors K89rdisc S08iptables S18rpcidmapd S25cups
S35qemu S85ksmtuned S99local
K10saslauthd K36mysqld
K76openvpn K90network S12rsyslog S19rpcgssd
S25netfs S50bluetooth S90crond
K10xfs
K50netconsole K84wpa_supplicant K99lvm2-monitor S13iscsi
S22messagebus S26acpid S50haldaemon
S91nmb
K20nfs
K66gpsd K85mdmonitor S07iscsid
S13rpcbind S23NetworkManager S26udev-post
S84ksm S91smb
S84ksm
K25sshd
K69rpcsvcgssdK89netplugd S08ip6tables
S14nfslock S24portreserve S30vboxdrv
S85gpm S99alsasound
K69rpcsvcgssd
S85gpm
这个级别nfs服务是开启的，被成为完全多用户模式。
init 4
[root@localhost ~ ]# ls /etc/rc.d/rc4.d/
K01dnsmasq K30sendmail
K66gpsd K85mdmonitor
S07iscsid S13rpcbind S23NetworkManager
S26udev-post S84ksm S99local
K10saslauthd K35nmb
K69rpcsvcgssd K89netplugd S08ip6tables
S14nfslock S24portreserve S30vboxdrv
S85gpm
S85gpm
K10xfs
K35smb K74lm_sensors K89rdisc
S08iptables S18rpcidmapd
S25cups S35qemu
S85ksmtuned
S85ksmtuned
K20nfs
K36mysqld K76openvpn K90network
S12rsyslog S19rpcgssd
S25netfs S50bluetooth S90crond
K25sshd
K50netconsoleK84wpa_supplicant K99lvm2-monitor S13iscsi
S22messagebus S26acpid
S50haldaemonS99alsasound
K50netconsole
S50haldaemon
init 5
[root@localhost ~ ]# ls /etc/rc.d/rc5.d/
K01dnsmasq K25sshd
K66gpsd K84wpa_supplicant
K87rpcbindK90network S22messagebus
S26udev-post S84ksm S99local
K87rpcbind
K10saslauthd K30sendmail
K69rpcsvcgssd K85mdmonitor K88iscsi
K99lvm2-monitor S23NetworkManager S30vboxdrv
S85ksmtuned
K10xfs
K36mysqld K74lm_sensors K85rpcgssd
K89iscsid S08ip6tables
S25cups S35qemu S91nmb
S25cups
K15gpm
K50netconsole K76openvpn K85rpcidmapd
K89netplugd S08iptables
S25netfs S50bluetooth S91smb
S25netfs
K20nfs
K60crond K83portreserve K86nfslock
K89rdisc S12rsyslog
S26acpid S50haldaemon S99alsasound
完整的图形模式
init 6
[root@localhost ~ ]# ls /etc/rc.d/rc6.d/
K01dnsmasq K15ksmtuned
K35nmb K60crond K74lm_sensors
K83portreserve K85rpcgssd K88iscsi K90network
S00killall
K10cups
K16ksm K35smb K66gpsd
K75netfs K84NetworkManager K85rpcidmapd
K88rsyslogK92ip6tables S01reboot
K16ksm
K88rsyslog
K10saslauthd K20nfs
K36mysqld K69rpcsvcgssd K75udev-post
K84wpa_supplicantK86nfslock K89iscsid K92iptables
K84wpa_supplicant
K10xfs
K25sshd K50haldaemon K70vboxdrv K76openvpn
K85mdmonitor K87alsasound K89netplugd
K98qemu
K98qemu
K15gpm
K30sendmail K50netconsole K74acpid K83bluetooth
K85messagebus K87rpcbind K89rdisc
K99lvm2-monitor
K99lvm2-monitor
这个级别里，只有两个服务，一个为killall，一个是reboot，即，关闭现在的系统，重启。故此级别是重启。
不同的系统版本，可能里面的文件会不同，如果要查看，可以通过ll来看，其实他们都是软连接。