服务端:
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/* 同步与异步小知识
*
* 所谓同步,可以理解为在执行完一个函数或方法之后,
* 一直等待系统返回值或消息,这时程序是出于阻塞的,
* 只有接收到返回的值或消息后才往下执行其他的命令。
* 所谓异步,执行完函数或方法后,不必阻塞性地等待返回值或消息,
* 只需要向系统委托一个异步过程,那么当系统接收到返回值或消息时,
* 系统会自动触发委托的异步过程,从而完成一个完整的流程。
*/
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// 异步socket例子------服务器端。
// 2009-11-27
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//细致、深刻、耐心的理解这种处理的机制。以便以后可以熟练的应用到项目中去。
namespace AsyncSocketServer
{
// State object for reading client data asynchronously
public class StateObject
{
// Client socket.
public Socket workSocket = null;
// Size of receive buffer.
public const int BufferSize = 1024;
// Receive buffer.
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
// Received data string.
public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
}
public class AsynchronousSocketListener
{
// Thread signal.
public static ManualResetEvent allDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
public AsynchronousSocketListener()
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 开始监听
/// </summary>
public static void StartListening()
{
// Data buffer for incoming data.
byte[] bytes = new Byte[1024];
// Establish the local endpoint for the socket.
// The DNS name of the computer
// running the listener is "host.contoso.com".
IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName());
IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0];
IPEndPoint localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, 11000);
// Create a TCP/IP socket.
Socket listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
// Bind the socket to the local endpoint and listen for incoming connections.
try
{
listener.Bind(localEndPoint);
listener.Listen(100);//等待队列中的最大数。
while (true)
{
// Set the event to nonsignaled state.设置为无信号状态,线程阻止
allDone.Reset();
// Start an asynchronous socket to listen for connections.
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a connection...");
//开始一个异步操作接收一个传入的连接尝试
listener.BeginAccept(
new AsyncCallback(AcceptCallback),
listener);
// Wait until a connection is made before continuing.阻止当前线程,直到收到信号
allDone.WaitOne();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
Console.WriteLine("/nPress ENTER to continue...");
Console.Read();
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收数据的回调函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar">异步返回的结果</param>
public static void AcceptCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
// Signal the main thread to continue.主线程继续执行
allDone.Set();
// Get the socket that handles the client request.
Socket listener = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
//异步接受传入的连接尝试,并创建一个新的socket来处理远程主机通讯
Socket handler = listener.EndAccept(ar);
// Create the state object.
StateObject state = new StateObject();
state.workSocket = handler;
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,
new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取数据的回调函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
public static void ReadCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
String content = String.Empty;
// Retrieve the state object and the handler socket
// from the asynchronous state object.
StateObject state = (StateObject)ar.AsyncState;
Socket handler = state.workSocket;
// Read data from the client socket. 从client socket读取数据。
int bytesRead = handler.EndReceive(ar);
if (bytesRead > 0)
{
// There might be more data, so store the data received so far.
state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(
state.buffer, 0, bytesRead));
// Check for end-of-file tag. If it is not there, read
// more data.
content = state.sb.ToString();
if (content.IndexOf("<EOF>") > -1)
{
// All the data has been read from the
// client. Display it on the console.
Console.WriteLine("Read {0} bytes from socket. /n Data : {1}",
content.Length, content);
// Echo the data back to the client.
Send(handler, content);
}
else
{
// Not all data received. Get more. 还没有完全读完数据,继续读。
handler.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,
new AsyncCallback(ReadCallback), state);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 给远程主机发送数据。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="handler">远程socket</param>
/// <param name="data">数据内容</param>
private static void Send(Socket handler, String data)
{
// Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
byte[] byteData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Begin sending the data to the remote device.
handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0,
new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), handler);
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送数据回调函数。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
// Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Socket handler = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
// Complete sending the data to the remote device.发送数据。
int bytesSent = handler.EndSend(ar);
Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to client.", bytesSent);
handler.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
handler.Close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
public static int Main(String[] args)
{
StartListening();
return 0;
}
}
}
客户端:
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// 异步socket例子-----客户端。
// 2009-11-27
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
namespace AsyncSocketClient
{
// State object for receiving data from remote device.
/// <summary>
/// 从远程主机接收数据的状态对象。
/// </summary>
public class StateObject
{
// Client socket.
/// <summary>
/// 远程主机的socket
/// </summary>
public Socket workSocket = null;
// Size of receive buffer.
public const int BufferSize = 256;
// Receive buffer.
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
// Received data string.
public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
}
public class AsynchronousClient
{
// The port number for the remote device.
private const int port = 11000;
// ManualResetEvent instances signal completion.
/// <summary>
/// 连接信号
/// </summary>
private static ManualResetEvent connectDone =
new ManualResetEvent(false);
/// <summary>
/// 发送信号
/// </summary>
private static ManualResetEvent sendDone =
new ManualResetEvent(false);
/// <summary>
/// 接收信号
/// </summary>
private static ManualResetEvent receiveDone =
new ManualResetEvent(false);
// The response from the remote device.
private static String response = String.Empty;
private static void StartClient()
{
// Connect to a remote device.
try
{
// Establish the remote endpoint for the socket.
// The name of the
// remote device is "host.contoso.com".
IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName());
IPAddress ipAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList[0];
IPEndPoint remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, port);
// Create a TCP/IP socket.
Socket client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
// Connect to the remote endpoint.异步连接到远程主机
client.BeginConnect(remoteEP,
new AsyncCallback(ConnectCallback), client);
connectDone.WaitOne();//阻止线程,等待连接完成信号
// Send test data to the remote device.
Send(client, "This is a test<EOF>");
sendDone.WaitOne();//阻止线程,等待发送完成信号
// Receive the response from the remote device.
Receive(client);
receiveDone.WaitOne();//阻止线程,等待接收完成信号
// Write the response to the console.
Console.WriteLine("Response received : {0}", response);
// Release the socket.
client.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
client.Close();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 连接完成回调函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private static void ConnectCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
// Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Socket client = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
// Complete the connection.
client.EndConnect(ar);
Console.WriteLine("Socket connected to {0}",
client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
// Signal that the connection has been made.
connectDone.Set();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收数据。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="client"></param>
private static void Receive(Socket client)
{
try
{
// Create the state object.
StateObject state = new StateObject();
state.workSocket = client;
// Begin receiving the data from the remote device.
client.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,
new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), state);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收完成回调函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private static void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
// Retrieve the state object and the client socket
// from the asynchronous state object.
StateObject state = (StateObject)ar.AsyncState;
Socket client = state.workSocket;
// Read data from the remote device.
int bytesRead = client.EndReceive(ar);
if (bytesRead > 0)
{
// There might be more data, so store the data received so far.
state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(state.buffer, 0, bytesRead));
// Get the rest of the data.
client.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0,
new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), state);
}
else
{
// All the data has arrived; put it in response.
if (state.sb.Length > 1)
{
response = state.sb.ToString();
}
// Signal that all bytes have been received.
receiveDone.Set();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="client"></param>
/// <param name="data"></param>
private static void Send(Socket client, String data)
{
// Convert the string data to byte data using ASCII encoding.
byte[] byteData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
// Begin sending the data to the remote device.
client.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0,
new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), client);
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送数据完成回调函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ar"></param>
private static void SendCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
{
try
{
// Retrieve the socket from the state object.
Socket client = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;
// Complete sending the data to the remote device.
int bytesSent = client.EndSend(ar);
Console.WriteLine("Sent {0} bytes to server.", bytesSent);
// Signal that all bytes have been sent.
sendDone.Set();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
}
}
public static int Main(String[] args)
{
StartClient();
return 0;
}
}
}