先决条件
1.安装apport（automatically generate crash reports for debugging）
2.修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件，使允许core dump，或者用ulimit -c unlimited设置core dump文件的大小为unlimited
3.C/C++的编译开关-g（产生调试符号）
＃＃＃＃＃＃运行编译好的程序testc(我的程序)
kimi@kimi-desktop:~/testc/bin/Debug$ ./testc
＃＃＃＃＃＃下面一行显示了core dumped表示成功，core文件在/var/crash或者在当前目录
段错误 (core dumped)
kimi@kimi-desktop:~/testc/bin/Debug$ ls
＃＃＃＃＃＃果然在当前目录
core testc
＃＃＃＃＃＃gdb一下
kimi@kimi-desktop:~/testc/bin/Debug$ gdb testc core
GNU gdb 6.8-debian
Copyright (C) 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "i486-linux-gnu"...
warning: Can't read pathname for load map: Input/output error.
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6...done.
Loaded symbols for /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6
Reading symbols from /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm.so.6...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm.so.6
Reading symbols from /lib/libgcc_s.so.1...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/libgcc_s.so.1
Reading symbols from /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6
Reading symbols from /lib/ld-linux.so.2...done.
Loaded symbols for /lib/ld-linux.so.2
Core was generated by `./testc'.
＃＃＃＃＃＃程序是由于段错误退出的
Program terminated with signal 11, Segmentation fault.
[New process 13072]
＃＃＃＃＃＃段错误的地方在dummy_function － main.c的第5行
#0 0x080483a4 in dummy_function () at /home/kimi/testc/main.c:5
5 *ptr = 0x00;
＃＃＃＃＃＃打印一下调用堆栈
(gdb) bt
#0 0x080483a4 in dummy_function () at /home/kimi/testc/main.c:5
#1 0x080483bc in main () at /home/kimi/testc/main.c:12
(gdb)